High Water Mark Definition

Below please find a definition of “High Water Mark”

Financial Analysis Training & Glossary TermsHigh Water Mark: If you look at many hedge fund memorandums or marketing materials you have probably seen that many hedge funds offer high water mark protections for the investor. These are the status quo within the industry now and they assure investors that profit sharing will be calculated based on a fair valuation of returns earned. Many hedge funds collect a 2% fee on all assets and then a 20% performance fee, meaning that if the fund gains 100% in one year the hedge fund gets to keep 20% of those profits and the investor keeps the other 80%. A high water mark is the highest net asset value previously seen at the end of the fiscal year.

High Water Mark Example: An investor gives a hedge fund $500k in 2006 and that investment’s value falls to $300k. In 2007 the hedge fund produces 100% returns and that investment is now worth $600k. This individual would only have to pay performance fees on that gain between the $500k and $600k, not the full 100% gain ($300k) for that year.

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High Water Mark Definition

A high water mark is an important concept in hedge fund compensation and fee structures.  In the following video, I provide you with a definition of the high water mark.


Video Transcript/SummaryThe strategies and tips provided within this video module include:

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Transcript of High Water Mark Definition

Hello, this is Richard Wilson and welcome to this short video on hedge fund training. It’s just going to be about one topic, one term called the “Hurdle Rate.” And you might have heard hurdle rates in the news and the hedge fund managers, marketing materials, in one of the books you’re reading for the CHP designation. And a hurdle rate is really a set performance figure that must be achieved before any performance fee can be calculated and paid to a hedge fund manager.

So to back up one step, most hedge fund managers charge a management fee and they charge a performance fee. Typically, the management fee is 2% and the performance fee is 20%. What this is saying is that, for example, if an institutional investor is looking at investing in a hedge fund and they know that inflation is 3.2%. And they go to the hedge fund manager and the hedge fund manager was saying “Well, we’re going to charge 20% for any performance,” while on the institutional investor’s mind he can get something that can give him an inflation rate return at little or no risk.

And so the hedge fund manager wants to be able to say “Okay, we won’t charge you our performance fee until we beat that 3.2% inflation benchmark.” So until we beat inflation, we won’t consider it performance or out performance and we won’t charge you that fee. And so a hurdle rate is something that was kind of invented to take out that objection to investing in hedge funds and they’re going to charge for all of this performance which really isn’t data performance. If you’re charging these high fees we want something that’s above and beyond what we can get for less fees and less risk elsewhere.

And so that is really why the hurdle rate exist and you’ll see that over 95% of hedge fund managers that our firm has interacted with and the thousand managers that we’ve seen, people have hurdle rates in place and especially small to mid-size hedge funds which are hungry to grow capital. It just makes sense having a place and it kind of makes the deal on both sides a little bit more fair.

So there’s a short definition and explanation of hurdle rate, why it exist, why it’s in place. If you have any more hedge fund questions, please feel free to submit it to us and thank you for your time today.

A high water mark is an important concept in fee structuring, I hope that this video provided a helpful overview.

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